Month: May 2007

bookmark_borderRam in Bangla in Debian Etch

Posted on by salahuddin


To type U+200D in ben_probhat use “shift + =”

to write this in Debian Etch use (ben_probhat)

r + shift + = + / + shift + z + a + m

U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER

/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/in

xkb_symbols “ben_probhat” {
name[Group1]= “India – Bengali Probhat”;

key <AE12> { [ equal, 0x100200D ] };

Special thanks and all credits goes to Sayamindu (who solve this problem in bn)

http://sayamindu.randomink.org/ramblings/2007/04/09/ra-japhala-in-bengali-bn-and-unicode-50/

thanks to Omi Azad for sending me the in pidgin

Note: It also works in Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Link

bookmark_borderBangla/Bengali In Debian Etch

Posted on by salahuddin

Install this package.

#apt-get install ttf-bengali-fonts ttf-indic-fonts

you may need to restart your Xserver to view bangla/bengali.

System–>Preferences–>Keyboard

Click Add

Layout Option—>Group Shift/Lock behaviour (or use whatever you like)

Now I can switch to Bangla/English by pressing two ALt key together.
(Use any option here that you like)

bookmark_borderXen Installation in debian etch

Posted on by salahuddin

Install Xen first

#apt-get update
#apt-get install xen-hypervisor-3.0.3-1-i386  xen-utils-3.0.3-1
#apt-get install linux-image-2.6.18-4-xen-686


give the version no according to you deb repository.

edit /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
------------------------------
uncomment this two line

(network-script network-bridge)
(vif-script vif-bridge)



Install tools for xen

#apt-get install bridge-utils iproute sysfsutils libc6-xen xen-tools


Create a directory

#mkdir /home/xen


edit /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf

here is my sample config file (Here I am showing only uncomment part)

dir = /home/xen
debootstrap = 1
#  Disk and Sizing options.
##
#
size   = 1Gb      # Disk image size.
memory = 128Mb    # Memory size
swap   = 128Mb    # Swap size
# noswap = 1      # Don't use swap at all for the new system.
fs     = ext3     # use the EXT3 filesystem for the disk image.
dist   = etch     # Default distribution to install.
image  = full     # Specify sparse vs. full disk images.

##
# Networking setup values.
##

#
# Uncomment and adjust these network settings if you wish to give your
# new instances static IP addresses.
#
gateway   = 192.168.7.1
netmask   = 255.255.255.0
#
# Uncomment this if you wish the images to use DHCP
#
# dhcp = 1

# Uncomment the following line if you wish to interactively setup
# a new root password for images.
#
passwd = 1

# Default kernel and ramdisk to use for the virtual servers
#
kernel = /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-xen-686
initrd = /boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-4-xen-686

# The default mirror for debootstrap which can be used to install
# Debian Sid, Sarge, and Etch.
#
mirror = http://ftp.debian.org/debian/



To create an image (here I am showing with debootstraping)

#xen-create-image --hostname=test --ip=192.168.7.90 --passwd


it will ask for the root passwd after finish the debootstrap.


edit /etc/xen/test.cfg

check the kernel version is correct for your system

kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-xen-686'
ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-4-xen-686'


xen-tools generate the disk sda for me. Later I change it to hda


root    = '/dev/hda1 ro'
disk    = [ 'file:/home/xen/domains/test/disk.img,hda1,w', 'file:/home/xen/domains/test/swap.img,hda2,w' ]



check you ip

if  = [ 'ip=192.168.7.90' ]






To start the vm

#xm create test.cfg -c


it will start to boot (simple output)
-------------------------------------

checking file systems...fsck 1.40-WIP (14-Nov-2006)
done.
Setting kernel variables...done.
Mounting local filesystems...done.
Activating swapfile swap...done.
Setting up networking....
Configuring network interfaces...done.
INIT: Entering runlevel: 2
Starting system log daemon: syslogd.
Starting kernel log daemon: klogd.
* Not starting internet superserver: no services enabled.
Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshdNET: Registered protocol family 10
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
.
Starting periodic command scheduler: crond.

Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 test tty1

test login:


or use

#xenman

file-->open Domain File
and select the /etc/xen/test.cfg





Here is the nmap output for ip 192.168.7.90

Interesting ports on test (192.168.7.90):
Not shown: 1696 closed ports
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
MAC Address: 00:16:3E:1F:8F:58 (Xensource)
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 2.6.X
OS details: Linux 2.6.17.9 (X86)
Uptime: 198.839 days (since Tue Oct 31 15:09:34 2006)
Network Distance: 1 hop




Now I can ssh to my 192.168.7.90


#debian:/home/salahuddin# ssh root@192.168.7.90
root@192.168.7.90's password:
Last login: Fri May 18 05:50:41 2007
Linux test 2.6.18-4-xen-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 21:49:04 UTC 2007 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
test:~# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:16:3E:15:BC:3F
      inet addr:192.168.7.90  Bcast:192.168.7.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe15:bc3f/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:36 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
      RX bytes:15420 (15.0 KiB)  TX bytes:5239 (5.1 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
      inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
      inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
      UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
      RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
      RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

test:~#halt

Broadcast message from root@test (ttyp0) (Fri May 18 06:16:58 2007):

The system is going down for system halt NOW!
test:~# Connection to 192.168.7.90 closed by remote host.
Connection to 192.168.7.90 closed.
debian:/home/salahuddin#




Note:
Change your kernel path and disk config according to your system.
First time I tried with image  = sparse in /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf but it did not work for me.
Later I give image  = full.


for more doc:

http://wiki.debian.org/Xen

http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/396
http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect_setup_xen3_debian

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XenVirtualMachine/XenOnUbuntuEdgy

bookmark_borderSimple 3d ball in Inkscape

Posted on by salahuddin

The Inkscape Logo.

Here I am designing a simple 3d ball.

See the image step by step.

At the last I am trying to create a shadow.

I give some effect to the shadow, like the real world, then rotate our light direction in the ball so that it match or follow our real world.

Always think about the real world rules that the materials and light follow.

This is just a simple design for the beginner…

bookmark_borderBangla to Hex

Posted on by salahuddin

Here is my Bangla to Hex converter using php and little ajax. Thanks to Mr. Jamil for giving me this idea.

index.php

<html>
<head>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”ajax.js”> </script>
</head>
<body>
<div align=”center”><h1>Bangla HEX</h1></div>
<div align=”center”>salahuddin66.blogspot.com</div>
<br><br>
<form>
Input in UTF-8: <input type=”text” name=”input” onkeyup=”show(this.value)”>
</form>
<p>Hex: <span id=”txtHint”></span></p>
</body>
</html>


ajax.js

var xmlHttp

function show(str0)
{
xmlHttp=GetXmlHttpObject()
if (xmlHttp==null)
{
alert (“Browser does not support HTTP Request”)
return
}
var url=”show.php”
url=url+”?q=”+str0
url=url+”&sid=”+Math.random()
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=stateChanged
xmlHttp.open(“GET”,url,true)
xmlHttp.send(null)
}

function stateChanged()
{
if (xmlHttp.readyState==4 || xmlHttp.readyState==”complete”)
{
document.getElementById(“txtHint”).innerHTML=xmlHttp.responseText
}
}

function GetXmlHttpObject()
{
var xmlHttp=null;
try
{
// Firefox, Opera 8.0+, Safari
xmlHttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
catch (e)
{
//Internet Explorer
try
{
xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject(“Msxml2.XMLHTTP”);
}
catch (e)
{
xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject(“Microsoft.XMLHTTP”);
}
}
return xmlHttp;
}

show.php

<?php

$q=$_GET[“q”];

unibin2hex($q);

function unibin2hex($u) {
$k = mb_convert_encoding($u, ‘UCS-2LE’, ‘UTF-8’);

$position = 0;

$run = strlen($u)/3;

for($i=0; $i

bookmark_borderHDD Partitioning in Linux

Posted on by salahuddin

Technically, a hard disk should contain either as many as four primary partitions, or one to three primaries along with a single extended partition. Each of these partitions are described by a 16-byte entry in the Partition Table which is located in the Master Boot Record.

src: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_(computing)

Many poeple confused with Linux partitioning system when they are installing Linux for the first time. In linux they see hda1 then hda5 but they are familiar with C:, D: etc

your HDD can be recognize by hda, hdb,hdc,hdd, sda, sdb etc depending on the master, slave and cable position. Here i am describing with hda


A HDD with 4 Primary Partitions


here hda4 is the full extended partion so extended partition start from hda5

generally a windows / most of the PC has this type of partition system.

here hda2 is the full extended partion and hda3 and hda4 are reserved as we can create 2 more primary partitions so extended partition start from hda5

Extended partition generally start from hda5

so if anyone want to install linux in his G: drive then he need to delete the hda8 then create 2 partitions

one swap space (it can be compare with windows virtual memory) ram * 2 (size recomanded) and another root / partition.

Note: I would suggest to create swap first then root / partition and at the last of the HDD sector more then or at least 8 MB free unallocated space. When user need to reinstall windows sometimes it creates problem, if there is no free unallocated space.